Work-holding head for lathes



Oct. 9, 1928.

C. A. RlCHARD WORKHOLDING HEAD FOR LATHES Filed March 5, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY.

Oct. 9, 1928. 1,687,143

. C. A. RICHARD WORKHOLDING HEAD FOR LATHES Filed Marc ,;1924 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 nu [Murmur/Z ell/7R0- y' I ATTORNEY.

Oct. 9, 1928. 1,687,143

C. A. RICHARD WORKHOLDING HEAD FOR LATHBS Filed March 5, 1924 s Sheets-Sheet 5 I N VEN TOR.

MZM

A T'I'ORNEY.

Patented Oct. 9, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE A. RICHARD, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY DIREGT AND HMESNE ASSIGNIIIEN TS, OF ONETHIRD TO OTIS K. RICHAED AND TWO-THIRDS"TO"CLEKENT C. RICHARD, BOTH OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

WORK-HOLDINGdHEAD IOLR LATHES.

provide a means for moving the work relative to the tool in such-manner that other than round shapes may be turned, or ground, if the cutting instrument be a grinding wheel, and of such character that accuracy can be secured and punches and tools and metal parts of odd shape can be readily formed by even an unskilled workman once the machine is adjusted for the particular operation.

The device is adapted for attachment to .an ordinary lathe or cylindrical rinder depending on whether a cutting or grinding operation is to be performed. Heretofore, it has been a laborious process to make an accurate punch for instance of an oblong shape in cross section requiringit to be forgedand then carefully finished. Also, various other .devices, forgings, castings of various forms in cross section. may be machined by this device.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device by means .of which oval, oblong; and shapes other than round may be formed in which means are provided for adjustment to vary the shape producedthrough use of the device. These and various other objects and novel features of the invention arehereinafter more fully described and claimed, and a work holding head embodying my invention. is shown in the accompanying drawings in which v F 1 is an elevation of-a device embodying my invention taken fromthe drivingside.

Fig. 2 is an elevation showing thework hol ling sideof the device.

F g. 3 is a vertical section of the device taken on line 3-3 of 2.

Fig.4 is a similar. section taken on line l lof 2. v I

Fig. 5 is an elevation ofitheinnerface if the dr ring heath Fig.v 6 is .an elevation of the inner face or the driven head.

Figs. 7 8, 9 and are details of portions of the driving cams on the adj acentsides of the two heads hereinafter more fully described.

The device consistsof a stationary body, 1 substantially cylindrical in shape and provided with a foot or base 2* bymeans of which it may be secured to the bed of, a lathe or grinder. Rotatably supported in one side of this stationary memheris adrivinghead 2 and a driven head 3 is rotatably mounted in the opposite side. The driving head 2 is supported on two sets of ,ball bearings as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the inner row of balls 4 riding in a race provided in the stationary member 1 and the member 2 having a coned portion '5 engaging the balls. The second row ofballs 6 ride in a race provided in the head 2 which engagea cone faced ring member 7 secured to 70. the stationary head. This ring member 7 is provided at the inner opening with a felt washer 8 providingran oilretainer and means to exclude dust from thebearing. The driven head 3 is likewise similarly mounted and sup- .75 ported by two-series of ball bearings, there being a ring 9 provided with a felt washer 10 secured to the stationary member 1 on the'for- T Ward face. The driving member 2 is provided with a hub 11 having a central-.aperturein so which the driving shaft 12 is inserted andfastened in place by the taperpi'n 13. The inner face of the driving-head" is recessed as indicated at 1a to receive the slide 15, the slide being retained in place by ways 16 shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5. This slide has recess 17 of greater length than Width, the length thereof extending transversely of the slide 15 as shown in Fig.- 4. This recess is open'tojthe back of the slide and the. eccentric pin 18 fits in the recess being of the same diameter as the recess is in width, and this eccentric pin is formed on the end of a .bar'19 fitting in the forward end of the aperture in the driving head 2 in axial .1 alignment with the shaft 12. This pin 18 is Y eccentric to the axis of the member 19 as may be understood from Fig; '5 and, by turning the member 19, the slide maybe moved oradjusted in .positionfor a purpose-hereinafter dewe scribed. The member 19 may be turned by means'of the disk or index plate 20. This plate 20 has a mark 21 thereon and may be turned relative to the graduations 22 provided on the portion of the head 2 adjacent the pe riphery of the plate. The turning of the plate turns the member 19 by means of the pin 23 which extends intoan aperture in the member 19 as will be understood fron'i Fig. 3. The pin 23 rides in a slot 2 iprovided in the driving head will be understood from Fig. 4i, and this slot is cut approximatelyhalfthrough the hub 11 permitting the pin to be turned through approximately 190 degrees. The outer end of the pin engages a notch 25 in the hub of the adjusting; plate 20 so that, by turning the plate, the pin is moved through the slot 2% turning the member 19 on its axis. Upon the plate 20 being moved to the desired 'pcsitioina lock nut 26 is turned up to bind the same in place. The slide 15 has a round boss 27 on the forward face and the recess 11 in the rear face of the slide is at one side of the center or axis of the boss and, by turning the plate 20 relative to the graduations on the member 2, the eccentricity of this boss 27 rel tive to the axis of rotation of the ch mg head may be varied. r

The driven head consists of he member 3, rotatably mount-ed heretofore described, and the work holder designated generally at 28 which may turn with the member 3 and slide on a diametrical line thereof. This work holder consists of the chuck 29 at the forward end thereof held on the member 28 by the member 30 in threaded engagement therewith.

A piece of work is indicated at 31. which is in the nature of a punch and in the bocv y of which is formed a slight recess for the ball in the inclined way 33 formed in the body A pin 34: is also provided in the member 28 projecting into a slot 35 in the rear face of the body to hold the member 29 from rotation. The body 31 of the work here shown is round while th forward projecting end thereof is the part to be shaped. As will be observed from Figs. 3 and l, this projec ing end of the work is formed with flat sides and is narrow in width an d is here given as an illustration of only one of the forms that may be made with this apparatus. The two side edges of the projection are rounded edges. To secure this character of result it is necessary that the worlrbe moved relative to the tool, moving; in a straight line to form a cut on one side and then again moved in a straight line across a tool and then turned to form the opposite rounded edge. To secure this character of result, the work head 28 is movable in the member 3that is, from right to left in Fig. 3 through operation of the eccentric boss 27 which engages in a recess of the same width and greater length formed in the slide 36. This slide, will be understood clearly from Figs. 4: and 6, has recess 37 for the adjustable eccentric member 27 and the slide is held in position by the members 38 and 39 on opposite sides thereof secured to the inner face of the member 3 by means of screws 40. This slide has the chuck head 28 secured to the inner face thereof by means of the screws 4-1 so that the chuck head and slide are in integral relation. It is therefore to be seen that, on rotation of theeccentric'member 27, a reciprocation of the chuck head and work isprovided and, to secure the peculiar form of the work hereinbefore mentioned having a flat side and rounded edges, it is necessary that the worl: be moved in a straight line across the cutting instrument and then turned through 180 degrees to produce the rounded edge and then moved in a straight line and again turned, the movements being in sequence and automatically secured by this device by alternate periods of rest and rotation of the member 3. To secure rotation and rest periods of the member 3, it is neccssar to alternatel enca e and disenthe driven head with the driving head. To accomplish this, I provide a rock bar 42 which is pivotally supported in the chuck head by means of the screw e3 passing centrally therethrough. The chuck head is slotted to receive this bar and the bar is formed with the two opposite ends l3 and 44.- positioned in the recess formed between the inner face of the driving member2and the stationary member. On the inner face of the driving member is a practically half circular flat cam ring 45, which is hereinafter termed the. driving cam. This cam has one end beveled and notched as indicated at 46 in Figs. 5 and 7 and a beveled and square end l7 indicated in Figs. 5 and 8. There is also a stationary cam ring 48 mounted in tl stationary member 1 which is provided on one side with a notch 49 and an inclined surface 50 leading to the notch and practically d ametrically opposite the said'notch 49 the ring 48 is provided with a shoulder 51 formed by the outwardly extending inclined. surface 52. Theleverends lb and t l are indiacted in 7, 8, 9 and 10 and, if it be assumed that the lever end 44 is being; driven by the cam 4:5 and driving head in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 7 then, as they said end approaches the incline 50 of the stationary cam 48, the opposite end rides up the incline 52 of the stationary cam ring causing the end let to drop into the notch 49 out from in front of the shoulder formed at the end d6 of the driving cam 45, the end 43, due to the cam 52 on the stationary ring, moving behind the-end 4-7 of the rotating driving-ring. This locks the end la in the notch l9 of the stationary member 48. As this lever 42 is thus locked in position on a stationary ring, the driven head 3 is held from rotation curing the interval and it at this time that the eccentric 27 moves the slide 36am the chuck head 28 carrying the work in a straight line across the cutting instrument. It is to be noted that the cam end 43, when the lever 42 comes to locked position in the notch 4E9, has been moved practically to engagement with the inner face of the driving head 2 and thus the said end 4. 3 is in position to be engaged by the inclined end t6 of the cam plate 45 and thus, as this cam end 46. comes aroundto'the lever end 18, the said end rides up on the cam end 46 rocking the lever Q2 and raising the end 44 out of the notch 49 and thus starts: to drive the driven head and will continue to drive through a succeeding half turn around again to the position of the parts shown in Fig. 7 whereupon the driven head is again locked from rotation and the chuck-head is caused to slide. It is thereforeto be seen that the driven head by the ring arrange ment described is turned for practically a half revolution and then is held stationary for practically a halt revolution during which time the work lS'IllOVECl across the tool and then again the driven head and the work is rotated causing the work to be turned; relative to the cutting instrument to, form the rounded edge hereto-fore. mentioned.

Depending upon the eccentricity of the member 27 the, length oi the straight out on the Work is determined. Likewise, the distance of the edge of the work from the center of rotation of the head 3 will determine, the

arc of the, circle through which the said edge is, turned relative to the cutting instrument and thus shapes of various-sizes similar to the shape of the recess 37 of Fig. 6 may be made by the arrangement of the cam rings and the'parts, hereinbefore described. These shapes may be varied from a true oval form or forms other than a round shape or even a round shape if the axis of the member 27 is set exactly on the axis, of the'member- 3 and the variation in form is dependent'upon the cam ring arrangement. Evidently, it a true oval form is desired, there could be no period in which rotation of the. member 3 ceased; therefore, the chuck head must be moved in its slide'during rotationot' the member 3. Thus, various shapes can be made by varying this cam arrangement and the time of the locking of the head 3 from rotation relative to the time at which the cam'mcmber slides. v

I It is to be noted that the eccentric 18 is merely for the purpose of adjusting the cocentricity of the member 27 relative to the axis ofrotation of the driving and driven head. The chuck head 28 extends through an aperture in the member 3 of greater diameter than the body of the head 28 permitting the member 28 to be moved with the slide. Preferably, a plate 61 is" provided on the member 28 covering the aperture 6.0 as will be understood from Fig. tto prevent dust and dirt from getting into the interior of the device. Also, a felt ring 62 is provided engaging the inner facev ofthe plate 6,1. I have here; shown a peculiar type of chuck for the work, but it is to be understood that this chuck head may be of any accepted form for holding the work without departing from the spirit of this invention.

The members 2 and 20 in fact provide two dials and in setting the device the shaft 12 is released from thedriving element to enable the member 2 to be turned by hand usually by rotation, of the hub 11. The nut lock 26 is first loosened to permit turning of the member 20 relative to the member 2 then the member "2 may be set or turned manually to any desired position,-and the member 20 then turned in the same, direction to secure the fine graduation desired. It is to be noted that, in this setting of the members 2 and 20, the member 2 is rotated through the slide producing pressure thereon. There is thus a peculiar relationship ofthe two dials, either of which may be manuall turned,the main dial 2 being set to any esired position'to turn an adjustable member and then the secondary dial 2O turned to secure the exacufina] adjustment desired so as to position the head 27 and adjustable-member 31 in exactly the desired relationship either directly'on the center of rotation of the member 2 or eccentric thereto if desired.

' Itis evident from the foregoing description, that the cam maybe arranged to pro vide for acontinuous driving of the member 3 or arranged to produce the alternate periods of rest and rotation of the'member 3,

andfurther that these periods of rest and rotation may be for'less than a half revolution of the member 3. The form of cam rings. as shown by the drawing, provide for a, period of rest. for half a revolution of the driving member and a period of rotation for'half the revolution of thedriving member.. This, as before stated, is merely illustrative of the arrangement of the rings for the formation of the described shape of the work in cross section. By arranging the stationary cam ring for six successive periods of rest and rotation of the driven member, a form hex agonal in cross section may be produced, and it is to be understood that these and other various changes of the'mechanism for the driving of the member 3 are Within the spirit of this invention asset forth in the appended claims. o

l/Vhat I claim. and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is v 1. In a work holding head, a stationary body, a driving member and a driven mem adjustable as to its distance from the axis of rotation thereof and engaging in the way whereby, during rotation of the driving member, the work holder is intermittently caused to move on a diametrical line of the driven member, a rock lever pivotally mount ed relative to the driven member having the opposite ends extending into an annular recess provided between, the inner face of the driving member and the stationary body, a cam ring on the driving member, a complemental ring on the stationary member, the rings being so arranged that the lever is intermittently rocked, first locking the driving and driven members together and then holding the driven member stationary, and an index plate for determining the eccentricity of the said eccentric.

2. in a work holding head, a stationary body, a driving member rotatabiy supported therein, a driven member also rotatably mounted therein on the same 's, automatic means for successively connecting and disconnecting the driving and driven members, a work holder carried by and rotatable with the driven member, said work holder having an elongated way or therein, an eccentric engaging in the said way and ca 'ied by the driving member, the eccentric being out a diameter equal to the width of the way and less than the length of the way whereby, during rotation of the eccentric, the work holder i is caused to move intermittently on a diametric line of the driven member, the said automatic means operating to disconnect the members during each movement of the work holder, and means for varying the eccentricity of said eccentric member relative to the axis of the driving member.

3. In a work holding head, a stationary body, a continuously rotatable driving member supported therein, a driven member rotatably mounted therein, a rock lever adapted when rocked in one direction to lock the driving and. driven members together and when rocked in the opposite direction to hold the driven member stationary, means for rocking the said lever intermittently, a work holder carried by the driven member and rotatable therewith, said work holderbeing mounted to slide in the driven member on a diametrical line, and means on the driving member for sliding the work holder first in one direction and then in another during alternate stationary periods of the driven member.

i. In a work holding head, a continuously rotatable driving member, a rotatably mounted driven member, a rock lever adapted to connect and disconnect the driving and driven members, means actuated by the driving member'for first rocking the member to lock the driving and drlven members and then to oppositely rock the member to disconnect the driving and driven members, a work holder carried. by the driven member and movable on a diametricalline thereof, and means for -moving the work holder during'the time the driving and driven members are disconnected.

5. In a work holding head, a continuously rotatable driving member, a rotatably mounted driven member, means for automatically connecting and disconnecting the driven members in such manner that the driven member is held stationary during a half revolution of the driving member and rotated with the driving member for the remaining half or" the rotation thereof, a work holder rotatable with the driven member, and means for moving the work holder across the axis of rotation of the driving member during the stationary period of the driven member. J

6. In a work holding head, a continuously rotatable driving member, a rotatable driven member, means for automatically connecting and disconnecting the driving and driven members wiereby the said driven member is alternately rotated and held stationary, a work holder carried by thedriven member, means causing the work holder to move radially of the driven member during its stationary period, and means for varying the extent of radial movement of the work holder.

7. In a work holding head, a stationary boc y, a driving member rotatably supported therein, a driven member rotatably supported in said body in axial alignment with the driving member, a work holder carried by the driven member and rotatable therewith, means for intermittently holding the driven member from rotation, and means for causing the work holder to move across the axis of rotation of the driven member during the period in which the driven member is held stationary.

8. In a work holding head, a rotatable drive ing member, a rotatable driven member, a work holder carried by the driven member and rotatable therewith, means whereby the work holder is moved in a straight line each side of the axis thereof during rotation of the driving member, and automatic means for holding the rotatable member from rotation during said movement of the work holder.

9. An index head for an adjustable element comprising ahead, an adjustable element, means connecting the head and tlie'element, a main and a secondary dial rotatable on the same axis and both said dials by rotation being adapted to turn the member to be adjusted, the main dial directly turning the adjustable member whereby a coarse degree of adjustment is attained, and the secondary dial operating to turn the main dial and the adjustable member to a finer degree of ad justment; i

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

CLARENCE A .RICl-Ial2l1 driving and V 

